Overview
I started researching the planet Venus since I wanted to figure out how the orbit of Venus could be used for time keeping. The ancients kept sidereal time; therefore they used various planets and stars to ensure their time keeping was accurate. (Today we only use the sun for timekeeping.) While researching Venus I found out that the planet Venus was big part of our ancient culture and Venus today is still part of our current culture.
The ancients tracked and recorded the movements of Venus. It appears they may have been tracking Venus looking for signs as well as keeping time. Genesis chapter one tells us that the stars are for signs and time keeping.
“And God said: Let there be lights made in the firmament of heaven, to divide the day and the night, and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years: To shine in the firmament of heaven, and to give light upon the earth, and it was so done. And God made two great lights: a greater light to rule the day; and a lesser light to rule the night: and the stars.” DR Gen 1:14-16
The English word star is translated from the Latin Vulgate word stellas which means stars and includes wondering stars also known as planets. The English word star is translated from the Greek Septuagint word G792 ἀστήρ (astēr) meaning a star or stars. The word planet means ‘wondering star’ or stars that do not stay fixed within the constellations.
The ancients most loved planet was Venus. Several constellations are mentioned in the bible; however Venus is the only planet that I have found mentioned. Most people do not realize Venus is mentioned in the bible since the translators translated Venus as the morning, evening or day star.
Picture sources: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:L_Adoration_des_Mages.jpg and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_tablet_of_Ammisaduqa
Here is the etymology for the word Venus and for the original words used for Venus in the Greek Septuagint and the Latin Vulgate.
Venus: The word Venus is from Middle English Venus, from Latin Venus, from Proto-Italic *wenos. *wenos is from Proto-Indo-European *wénh₁-os, from *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”).
Heōsphóros: The Ancient Greek called Venus Ἑωσφόρος (Heōsphóros) which is two words; from Ἕως (Héōs, “dawn”) + φέρω (phérō, “to bear, to carry”). It is the Morning Star Venus.
Hésperos: The Ancient Greeks called Venus Hésperos when it was the evening star.
Lucifer: The Latin Vulgate name for Venus is Lucifer from Middle English Lucifer, from Latin Lūcifer, from lūx (“light”) + ferō (“bear, carry”). It is the planet Venus as the morning star or daystar.
Vesper: the Latin word for the evening star Venus. It is also implies ‘the west’.
According to Revelation, Jesus stated that he is the bright and morning star.
“I Jesus have sent my angel, to testify to you these things in the churches. I am the root and stock of David, the bright and morning [G4407, πρωϊνόν (prōinon) early morning, dawn] star [G792 ἀστέρα, (astera) a star].” Rev 22:16
Therefore would you consider that Jesus is the personification of the morning star? In Revelation a morning star is promised as a reward to the overcomers. Jesus says our Father in Heaven gave him a morning star and overcomers will receive one also as a reward.
“And he that shall overcome, and keep my works unto the end, I will give him power over the nations. And he shall rule them with a rod of iron, and as the vessel of a potter they shall be broken, As I also have received of my Father: and I will give him the morning [G4407, πρωϊνόν (prōinon) early morning, dawn] star [G792 ἀστέρα, (astera) a star].” Rev 2:26-28
So will the overcomers be the personification of morning stars? The so called ‘stars’ of Hollywood will be short lived; our Father in Heaven will give the overcomers morning star status forever.
It appears that throughout history we have personified stars, as if they have a will, and have the ability to do good and evil. This verse in Enoch shows that stars has the ability to sin.
“And I proceeded to where things were chaotic. And I saw there something horrible: I saw neither a heaven above nor a firmly founded earth, but a place chaotic and horrible. And there I saw seven stars of the heaven bound together in it, like great mountains and burning with fire. Then I said: 'For what sin are they bound, and on what account have they been cast in hither' Then said Uriel, one of the holy angels, who was with me, and was chief over them, and said: 'Enoch, why dost thou ask, and why art thou eager for the truth These are of the number of the stars of heaven, which have transgressed the commandment of the Lord, and are bound here till ten thousand years, the time entailed by their sins, are consummated.'” Enoch 21:1-7
Some of our past Venus culture below maybe considered against the laws of Moses by some. However, my purpose is to only show how important the planet Venus was to the ancients and to clear up some confusion. My purpose is not to say what is right and wrong according to the laws in this document. To me it is important to know history of our ancestors and their culture. My real personal goal is to understand the importance of Venus as a sign and its use in time tracking.
Venus the Star of Bethlehem
Venus is the brightest morning star and it rises in the east when it is a morning star. According to old newspaper articles shown below, Venus was the Star of Bethlehem. The star of Bethlehem was the star the wise men, who were also known as Magi, seen in the east.
“Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judaea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem, Saying, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him.” KJV Mat 2:1-2
When Venus is the morning star it raises just before the sun in the east, then it travels across the sky towards the west. Venus has a retrograde cycle where it appears to stand still then it reverses direction. The star described in this verse ‘stood’ above Jesus was probably starting or ending retrograde motion and it could have been Venus.
“When they had heard the king, they departed; and, lo, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was.” Sep Mat 2:9
1887 news - Venus the Star of Bethlehem
1887 news the Star of Bethlehem, Column 3 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/ncu_cane_ver01/data/sn84020682/0029602286A/1887122301/0317.pdf
1891 Venus the Star of Bethlehem, Column 4 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/njr_ketchup_ver01/data/sn87068192/00279529650/1891021201/0479.pdf
1904 Question – Was Venus the Star of Bethlehem?
From Column 1 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/pst_hetzel_ver01/data/sn87078321/0028077666A/1904030201/0504.pdf
Venus the Morning & Day Star
Below are verses that reference the planet Venus as the morning star.
“For thus shall thy countenance shine again, as pure water; and thou shalt divest thyself of uncleanness, and shalt not fear. And thou shalt forget trouble, as a wave that has passed by; and thou shalt not be scared. And thy prayer shall be as the morning star [Εωσφόρος (Eosfóros) Morning Star, the planet Venus derived from Heōsphóros], and life shall arise to thee as from the noonday. And thou shalt be confident, because thou hast hope; and peace shall dawn to thee from out of anxiety and care.” Greek Sep Job 11:15-18
“et quasi meridianus fulgor consurget tibi ad vesperam et cum te consumptum putaveris orieris ut Lucifer” LV Job 11:17 (see Latin)
“Or did I order the morning light in thy time; and did the morning star Εωσφόρος (Eosfóros) Morning Star, the planet Venus derived from Heōsphóros] then first see his appointed place; to lay hold of the extremities of the earth, to cast out the ungodly out of it?” Sep Job 38:12-13
This verse in Peter references Venus at dawn as a day star. The ancients believed morning star ruled the whole day also (explained on this page). Notice that the Latin word Lucifer was translated to day-star.
“And we have the word of prophecy
made more sure; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a lamp shining
in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the
day-star [G5459
φωσφόρος, (phōsphoros) from phos and phero, light-bringing, the morning star, day star
(Venus)] arise in your hearts.”
ASV 2 Pet 1:19
“And we have the more firm prophetical word: whereunto you do well to attend, as to a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star [Lucifer, see Latin below] arise in your hearts.” DR 2 Pet 1:19
“et habemus firmiorem propheticum sermonem cui bene facitis adtendentes quasi lucernae lucenti in caliginoso loco donec dies inlucescat et lucifer [Venus the morning or day star] oriatur in cordibus vestris” LV 2 Pet 1:19 (see Latin)
Picture Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lucifer_(the_morning_star)._Engraving_by_G.H._Frezza,_1704,_Wellcome_V0035916.jpg
Venus as the Evening Star
This verse has a reference to Venus as the evening star. This is our Father in Heaven responding to Job. Notice that Venus is referred to as being male when it is the evening star.
“And dost thou understand the band of Pleias, and hast thou opened the barrier of Orion? Or wilt thou reveal Mazuroth [Zodiac] in his season, and the evening star [ἕσπερος (hésperos) the evening star, Venus] with his rays? Wilt thou guide them? And knowest thou the changes of heaven, or the events which take place together under heaven?” Sep Job 38:31-33
“Canst thou bring forth the day star [luciferum] in its time, and make the evening star [vesperum] to rise upon the children of the earth?” DR Job 38:32
“numquid producis luciferum [Venus the morning star] in tempore suo et vesperum [Venus the evening star] super filios terrae consurgere facis” LV Job 38:32 (see Latin)
Picture Source: Hesperus as Personification of the Evening, c. 1765 AD by Anton Raphael Mengs a German painter
Venus Day is Friday
All of the days of the week were named after planets and Venus day is Friday which is the 6th day of the week.
“The name Friday comes from the Old English Frīġedæġ, meaning the "day of Frige", a result of an old convention associating the Germanic goddess Frigg with the Roman goddess Venus, with whom the day is associated in many different cultures.” From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friday#Etymology
The picture above shows how each day of the week is named after a planet and the days of the week follow the pattern of the seven pointed star. For more information see this page: https://kingdomhereamerica.blogspot.com/2018/11/earth-centric-weekday-planet-names.html
The Festival of Veneralia
In 220BC the ancient Romans held a festival called Veneralia. This festival or feast day was held on April 1st using the old calendar. The festival of Veneralia was held in honor of Venus Verticordia who was apparently elevated to star status since she was the most pure and had the ability to change hearts from lust to chastity. The planet Venus was named after her.
On the old calendar April 1st was the first day of the second month of the year; therefore the laws of Moses required a feast day or festival to be held that day.
“And on the first day of the month you shall offer a holocaust to the Lord, two calves of the herd, one ram, and seven lambs of a year old, without blemish, And three tenths of flour tempered with oil in sacrifice for every calf: and two tenths of flour tempered with oil for every ram. And the tenth of a tenth of flour tempered with oil in sacrifice for every lamb. It is a holocaust of most sweet odour and an offering by fire to the Lord. And these shall be the libations of wine that are to be poured out for every victim: Half a hin for every calf, a third for a ram, and a four.’ DR Num 28:11-12
The first day of the second month called April use to always occur on Friday; therefore the festival of Veneralia was always on a Friday. Pictured below is the first quarter of the year called spring using the Dead Sea Scrolls Temple Calendar the second month always began on Friday. In the year 2022, the old April 1st will actually be on Friday, April 15th.
On the old calendar April 1st was when the planet Venus renewed every eight years as I will show below. April 1st was also known as Easter which means East Star, again another reference to the planet Venus. A past pope merged the first day of the second month festival of Venus day together with Jesus’ resurrection day when they should be two difference observances.
All Fool’s Day on Venus Day
The tradition of April Fool’s day was started at the first day of the second month, Venus day festival.
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veneralia
kingdomhereamerica Our Father's Calendar
https://kingdomhereamerica.blogspot.com/2017/11/the-biblical-weekly-cycle-of-seven.html
1855 news of All Fools Day from column 3 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/dlc_kuvasz_ver02/data/sn83045462/0028065405A/1855040301/0260.pdf
1915 news of Veneralla on April 1st from column 2 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/wvu_oliver_ver01/data/sn85059732/0029586994a/1915091201/0061.pdf
Temple of Venus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Venus_Genetrix
Facts about Venus
Here are some interesting facts regarding Venus that I found on various different sites:
“The rise and fall of Venus as a morning star takes 263 days. For the next 50 days, Venus disappears and cannot be seen in the sky at all. Then, Venus reappears in the evening sky, where it remains for another 263-day phase before disappearing below the horizon for 8 days. At the end of these 8 days, Venus reappears as a morning star, and the cycle begins again.” From https://www.exploratorium.edu/ancientobs/chichen/HTML/caracol3.html
“Venus is brightest either just before sunrise or just after sunset, which is why it is often called “the Morning Star” or “the Evening Star.” Every 584 days, it passes the Earth in its orbit around the Sun. When it does so, it shifts from being the Evening Star, most visible after sunset, and becomes the Morning Star, most visible before sunrise.
Venus is one of the few celestial bodies bright enough to be seen with the naked eye during the day, if you know where to look. It always sits within about 47° of the Sun. Viewed by telescope; it appears to have phases similar to our Moon.” From https://www.farmersalmanac.com/and-venus-was-her-name-11247
“How can I find Venus? It’s quite easy! When Venus is the “Evening Star,” just look to where the Sun sets (the West), and when it is the “Morning Star,” just look to where the Sun rises (the East). Thanks to its brightness, you cannot miss it! However, it can sometimes be confused for a moment with an airplane, the International Space Station, or certain bright satellites. To figure out which is which, remember that these objects quickly move in the sky, whereas Venus appears immobile.” From https://www.stelvision.com/astro/en/observing-venus-the-morning-and-evening-star/
“A transit of Venus across the Sun takes place when the planet Venus passes directly between the Sun and a superior planet, becoming visible against (and hence obscuring a small portion of) the solar disk. During a transit, Venus can be seen from Earth as a small black dot moving across the face of the Sun. The duration of such transits is usually several hours (the transit of 2012 lasted 6 hours and 40 minutes). A transit is similar to a solar eclipse by the Moon. Transits of Venus occur in a pattern that generally repeats every 243 years, with pairs of transits eight years apart separated by long gaps of 121.5 years and 105.5 years. The periodicity is a reflection of the fact that the orbital periods of Earth and Venus are close to 8:13 and 243:395 commensurabilities. The last transit of Venus was on 5 and 6 June 2012, and was the last Venus transit of the 21st century; the prior transit took place on 8 June 2004. The previous pair of transits were in December 1874 and December 1882. The next transits of Venus will take place on 10–11 December 2117 and 8 December 2125.” From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_of_Venus
Venus’ rotation in a heliocentric motion takes 224.7 earth days to orbit the sun. In a geocentric model it takes Venus 273 days to orbit the earth which equals three seasons of 91 days each (Book of Enoch and the Dead Sea Scrolls Calendar reflect a season is 91 days). From https://kingdomhereamerica.blogspot.com/2018/11/earth-centric-weekday-planet-names.html
Above book source: https://ia803202.us.archive.org/1/items/TheVenusTabletsOfAmmizaduga1928/LangdonFotheringham1928TheVenusTabletsOfAmmizaduga.pdf
Venus Symbols
Picture sources:
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Venus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentagram#Pentagram_of_Venus
https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/five-petals-of-venus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_of_Ishtar#/media/File:Ishtar-star-symbol.svg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_flytrap
Venus Also Known As
The planet Venus has gone by many different names in the past and here are some of them:
|
Empire |
Venus Past Name |
Name Meaning or Derived From |
|
Sumer, Sumerian |
Ninsi'anna or Inanna |
Lady of Heaven |
|
Proto-Semitic Aramaic |
ʕaṯtar Aṯtar |
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr meaning star; glower, shiner |
|
Akkadian, Assyrian, Babylon |
Ishtar or Istar |
From Proto-Semitic *ʕaṯtar-. |
|
Ugarit, Emar, Sidon, Tyre Canaanite, Phoenician, Ancient Greek |
Astarte or Ashtoreth Ᾰ̓στᾰ́ρτη • (Astártē) |
From Akkadian Istar |
|
Old Persian |
Esther |
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr meaning star; glower, shiner |
|
Latin |
Hester |
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr meaning star; glower, shiner &/or From Akkadian Istar |
|
Rome, Latin |
Venus |
From Proto-Indo-European *wénh₁-os, from *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”). |
|
Rome, Latin |
Lucifer |
Venus as the Morning or Day Star, from lūx (“light”) + ferō (“bear, carry”). |
|
Rome, Latin |
Vespers |
Evening Star, West |
|
Ancient Greek |
Heōsphóros Or Phosphorus |
Venus as the Morning or Day Star Ἑωσφόρος (Heōsphóros) which is two words; from Ἕως (Héōs, “dawn”) + φέρω (phérō, “to bear, to carry”) or "the dawn-bringer".. |
|
Ancient Greek |
Aphrodite |
Might be from Ἠώς (Ēṓs) the dawn goddess |
|
Ancient Greek |
Hesperus |
Evening star Venus, western |
|
German |
Frigg |
From the Proto-Germanic feminine noun *Frijjō ('Beloved', or 'Free') |
|
Mayan |
Lamat |
Means rabbit, their ancient name for the planet Venus |
|
Mayan |
Quetzalcoatl |
Means Precious serpent of Dawn the Morning Star |
|
Mayan |
Xolotl |
Dark the Evening Star associated with heavenly fire. |
|
Sanskrit, Hindu |
Shukra |
Means clear and bright |
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Venusian_deities
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inanna#Etymology
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%F0%92%80%AD%F0%92%88%B9#Sumerian
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Ishtar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astarte#Name
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%88%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B7#Ancient_Greek
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/I%C5%A1tar#Akkadian
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%82st%E1%B8%97r
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hester#Latin
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Venus#Latin
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/vesper#Latin
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorus_(morning_star)
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%88%CF%86%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7#Ancient_Greek
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%95%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82#Ancient_Greek
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shukra
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin#The_twenty_day_names Mayan Lamat
Venus Retrograde Cycle
The Venus retrograde cycle can be recorded as a 5 pointed star or a 5 petal flower. Using a 5 pointed star to reflect the retrograde pattern occurring in the heavens; the point is where Venus stand still and reverses direction – heading East to West. There are five retrogrades every eight years. When Venus is in retrograde it becomes the morning star rising in the east prior to the sun. So the 5 pointed star became a symbol for Venus’ path of purity as a morning star in retrograde. All of the diagrams below are based on Venus’ actual location according to astronomy using J2000.
Reflected below is the retrograde pattern of Venus from 2017 until 2023:
Here are the details for the Venus retrograde for 2017 showing how Venus was at 356 degrees on the 30 Jan 2017 and how Venus traveled back to 356 degrees on 11 Apr 2017. Venus does not really ever travel backwards it just appears to according to our prospective.
Reflected below is the retrograde pattern of Venus that will start in 2025 and end 2033:
The 5 petal diagram of Venus is more exact since it reflects all of Venus’ movements in the heavens because it shows the retrogrades and direct paths of Venus. Every four years Venus will be in the same position, alternating between retrograde and direct path.
Video of Venus’ orbit as seen from the earth.
The Venus’ five petal pattern renews every eight years about April 1st on the old calendar which was also called Easter. Easter is the celebration of the renewal of life (flowers open, trees get new leaves, etc.) and the Venus pattern in the sky starts new again.
The Five Pointed Star Leading to Jesus’ Birth
Reflected below are the five Venus retrogrades that occurred before Jesus’ birth.
Here are the details of what the Maji would have seen. Venus starts going in a direct path at 2:38 in the afternoon on Friday the Day of Atonement. Venus stood still as the evening star and started retrograding in Virgo and then traveled to Leo and stood still before it started going in a direct motion again.
Since retrogrades happen five times every eight years how did the Maji know Jesus was born? The Venus retrograde in 2BC happened in Leo and Virgo. Leo is the sign of the tribe of Judah of which Jesus descends from (more about that here, Genesis 49 blessing and Numbers 2 camp order). I believe that the Israelites knew that Jesus would be born on Friday the Day of Atonement and that Venus standing still on the Day of Atonement in Leo would be the sign. The word atone is derived from two words ‘at one’. The Day of Atonement was the day Jesus was to became ‘at one’ with us.
Only once a year our Father in Heaven would appear over the mercy seat and that was on the Day of Atonement; therefore they would be expecting him then.
“and the LORD said to Moses, “Tell Aaron your brother not to come at any time into the Holy Place inside the veil, before the mercy seat that is on the ark, so that he may not die. For I will appear in the cloud over the mercy seat.” ESV Lev 16:2
“These preparations having thus been made, the priests go regularly into the first section, performing their ritual duties, but into the second only the high priest goes, and he but once a year, and not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the unintentional sins of the people.” EVS Heb 9:6-7
Temple of Astarte or Venus
King Solomon hired Hiram an Israelite who was the king of Tyre to build him a house (1 King chapters 5 to 10). According to Josephus, Hiram built temples and one was the Temple of Astarte which was their word for the Venus. I cannot be sure if this Astarte was a person/goddess or the planet Venus. It could have had alignments to the planet Venus since as you will see below we have built structures aligned to the planet Venus in the past.
“Now Solomon sent for an artificer out of Tyre, whose name was Hiram; he was by birth of the tribe of Naphtali, on the mother's side, [for she was of that tribe,] but his father was Ur, of the stock of the Israelites. This man was skillful in all sorts of work; but his chief skill lay in working in gold, and silver, and brass; by whom were made all the mechanical works about the temple, according to the will of Solomon.” Josephus Ant book 8, chapter 5
“When Abibalus was dead, his son Hiram received the kingdom from him, who, when he had lived fifty-three years, reigned thirty-four. He raised a bank in the large place, and dedicated the golden pillar which is in Jupiter's temple. He also went and cut down materials of timber out of the mountain called Libanus, for the roof of temples; and when he had pulled down the ancient temples, he both built the temple of Hercules and that of Astarte; and he first set up the temple of Hercules in the month Peritius” Josephus Ant book 8, chapter 5
There were other Temple of Venuses built and one was the Temple of Venus and Roma built from 121 to 141 AD in Ancient Rome. It was dedicated to the goddesses Venus Felix ("Venus the Bringer of Good Fortune") and Roma Aeterna ("Eternal Rome"). It was closed during the persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire by Constantine the Great in about 310AD.
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temple_of_Venus_and_Roma
King Ludwig II of the Kingdom of Bavaria state built a Greek temple with a ‘Venus’ statue in the middle in about 1880 AD. Some call this a Temple of Venus. The temple is near Ettal Abbey in Germany. I do not know the significance of this statue; however people from other countries may not know the significance of our statue of General Patton.
Source
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_II_of_Bavaria
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Venustempel_(Linderhof)#/media/File:Linderhof-6.jpg
The Babylonians & Venus
The Neo-Babylon Empire also known as the Second Babylonian Empire (626BC to 539BC) was the Chaldean Empire. The Chaldean’s were descendant to UR of the Chaldeans who was a descent of Noah’s son Shem. Abraham had lived among the Chaldeans prior to going to the ‘promised land’ (Gen 11:28, Neh 9:7). Abraham was a Hebrew and the Chaldeans were his cousins (see genealogy); therefore they were considered brethren in the bible.
The ancient Babylonians were great astronomers and mathematicians. They studied the heavens which included the rising of Venus. They recorded their observations of Venus in the ‘tablet of Ammisaduga’:
“"Old" Babylonian astronomy was practiced during and after the First Babylonian dynasty (ca. 1830 BCE) and before the Neo-Babylonian Empire (ca. 626 BCE). The Babylonians were the first to recognize that astronomical phenomena are periodic and apply mathematics to their predictions. Tablets dating back to the Old Babylonian period document the application of mathematics to the variation in the length of daylight over a solar year. Centuries of Babylonian observations of celestial phenomena were recorded in the series of cuneiform tablets known as the Enûma Anu Enlil—the oldest significant astronomical text that we possess is Tablet 63 of the Enûma Anu Enlil, the Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa, which lists the first and last visible risings of Venus over a period of about 21 years. It is the earliest evidence that planetary phenomena were recognized as periodic.” From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babylonian_astronomy#Old_Babylonian_astronomy
“Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa from the First Babylonian dynasty indicate that the ancient Sumerians already knew that the morning and evening stars were the same celestial object. In the Old Babylonian period, the planet Venus was known as Ninsi'anna, and later as Dilbat. The name "Ninsi'anna" translates to "divine lady, illumination of heaven", which refers to Venus as the brightest visible "star". Earlier spellings of the name were written with the cuneiform sign si4 (= SU, meaning "to be red"), and the original meaning may have been "divine lady of the redness of heaven", in reference to the colour of the morning and evening sky.” From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus#Early_studies
Nebuchadnezzar a Chaldean King of Babylon reigned from 605-559BC. He was the oldest son of Nabopolassar the 1st Chaldean King of Babylon. Prior to this Babylon had been ruled by various tribes; Amorites (Canaanites), Kassites, Sumerians, and Assyrians. King Nebuchadnezzar’s Chaldean army took captive Kingdom of Judah & caused Jerusalem’s fall in 586BC. (2 Ki 24:1-25:22 & Jer 52:28). Our Father in Heaven is the one who appointed him king:
“Now I have given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, my servant, and I have given him also the beasts of the field to serve him.” ESV Jer 27:6
“and say to them, ‘Thus says the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel: Behold, I will send and take Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant, and I will set his throne above these stones that I have hidden, and he will spread his royal canopy over them.” ESV Jer 43:10
“In the twenty-seventh year, in the first month, on the first day of the month, the word of the LORD came to me: “Son of man, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon made his army labor hard against Tyre. Every head was made bald, and every shoulder was rubbed bare, yet neither he nor his army got anything from Tyre to pay for the labor that he had performed against her. Therefore thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I will give the land of Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon; and he shall carry off its wealth and despoil it and plunder it; and it shall be the wages for his army.” ESV Eze 29:17-19
“There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the spirit of the holy gods. In the days of your father, light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods were found in him, and King Nebuchadnezzar, your father—your father the king—made him chief of the magicians, enchanters, Chaldeans, and astrologers, because an excellent spirit, knowledge, and understanding to interpret dreams, explain riddles, and solve problems were found in this Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar. Now let Daniel be called, and he will show the interpretation.” ESV Dan 5:11-12
A later King of Babylon apparently lost his star status as a morning star as recorded in Isaiah. In 539BC the Babylonian Empire fell and the Persians who were descendants of Shem’s son Elam began to rule. Some bibles translate the Greek word Heōsphoros to the Latin word for Venus which is ‘Lucifer’ in the verse below. Some bibles translate the Latin word ‘Lucifer’ as the ‘day star’.
“How has Lucifer [morning star εωσφόρος (Heōsphoros) 'dawn bringer', another name for Venus] the, that rose in the morning, fallen from heaven! He that sent orders to all the nations is crushed to the earth.” Sep Isa 14:12
“quomodo cecidisti de caelo lucifer qui mane oriebaris corruisti in terram qui vulnerabas gentes.” LV Isa 14:12 (see Latin)
“How art thou fallen from heaven, O day-star, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, that didst lay low the nations!” ASV Isa 14:19
Picture sources:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kudurru_Melishipak_Louvre_Sb23_n02.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishtar_Gate#/media/File:Pergamonmuseum_Ishtartor_05.jpg
Ishtar & Venus in Old News Articles
Reflected below are old newspaper articles regarding Ishtar and Venus that both represent the planet Venus or a personal elevated to start status.
From column 4 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/ct_butternut_ver01/data/sn84020358/00415668235/1901082201/0392.pdf
See column 3 for full article https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/in_feynman_ver01/data/sn82015313/00383349047/1927112901/0213.pdf
See column 1 for full article https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/mohi_berenice_ver01/data/sn90061066/00200291967/1890030401/0367.pdf
Picture sources:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ea_(Babilonian)_-_EnKi_(Sumerian).jpg
Read full article starting in column 2 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/dlc_grand_ver02/data/sn84031492/no_reel/1875031501/0007.pdf
See last column for full article https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/gu_fletcher_ver01/data/sn86063034/00414182264/1899022001/0555.pdf
Ishtar was regarded as a hero and star for her efforts. For the rest of the story, see the last column https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/nn_margalef_ver01/data/sn83030193/00237281536/1921011201/0469.pdf
Also see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumuzid
Picture Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adonis#/media/File:Marriage_of_Inanna_and_Dumuzi.png
Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Babylonian_Empire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II
Timeline of rulers https://kingdomhereamerica.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-feast-of-purification.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_tablet_of_Ammisaduq
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inanna
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astarte
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Venusian_deities
Goddesses Associated with Venus
Throughout history our ancestors have been elevating one of their people to star status and associating them to the planet Venus. These people elevated to star status became gods and goddesses. It was considered a special honor to be associated with the planet Venus that stood for purity. Pictured below are a few examples.
Picture sources:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ishtar_on_an_Akkadian_seal.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_(mythology)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astarte
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isis
Notice that they put horns on the head of some of them. Some were calf horns and later the Greeks associated the horns with the crescent moon. I mention this since Mary the mother of our kinsman redeemer Jesus Christ is now considered the Queen of heaven and she is shown standing on a crescent moon in many old oil paintings.
Source: Mary now the Queen of Heaven https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_of_Heaven
Many say these pictures with Mary on the crescent moon represent this verse in prophecy:
“And a great sign was seen in heaven: a woman arrayed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars; and she was with child; and she crieth out, travailing in birth, and in pain to be delivered.” ASV Rev 12:1-2
This link provides many more examples of Mary standing on a crescent moon. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Madonna_on_the_crescent_in_paintings
Here is info on crescent moon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crescent#Classical_antiquity
New Month Festivals
As with all of our festivals, they start out with good intentions but later get corrupted by some of our people (not all). I have read accounts where they dressed up statues of Venus and paraded them around town on Venus day. This reminds me of the Rose Parade the first day of January where we make many statues and parade them around. Here are a few verses where our Father in Heaven did not like what was going on during the new month festivals.
“For we will surely perform every word that shall proceed out of our mouth, to burn incense to the queen of heaven, and to pour drink-offerings to her, as we and our fathers have done, and our kings and princes, in the cities of Juda, and in the streets of Jerusalem: and so we were filled with bread, and were well, and saw no evils. But since we left off to burn incense to the queen of heaven, we have all been brought low, and have been consumed by sword and by famine. And whereas we burned incense to the queen of heaven, and poured drink-offerings to her, did we make cakes to her, and pour drink-offerings to her, without our husbands?” Sep Jer 51:17-19
“Offer
sacrifice no more in vain: incense is an abomination to me. The new moons
[kalendas,
New Month], and the sabbaths and other
festivals I will not abide, your assemblies are wicked. My soul hateth your new
moons, and your solemnities: they are become troublesome to me, I am weary of
bearing them.” DR Isa 1:13-14
“Let
no man therefore judge you in meat or in drink or in respect of a festival day
or of the new
moons [kalendas,
New Month] or
of the sabbaths, which are a shadow of things to come: but the body is of
Christ.” DR Col 2:16
“Blow
up the trumpet on the new moons [kalendas,
New Month], on the noted day of your
solemnity. For it is a commandment in Israel, and a judgment to the God of
Jacob.” DR Psa 81:3-4 (81:4-5)
Gods & Goddesses
Is it wrong to call them gods and goddesses?
“For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.” KJV Gen 3:5
“And the LORD God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil: and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever.” KJV Gen 3:22
“Jesus answered them: Is it not written in your law: I said, you are gods?” DR Joh_10:34
The Germanic Frigg
1918 news is from the bottom of Column 4 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/mnhi_ibo_ver01/data/sn90060976/00383347634/1918122101/0434.pdf
Picture source https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frigga_(1832)_from_Die_Helden_und_G%C3%B6tter_des_Nordens,_oder_Das_Buch_der_sagen.jpg
For more information about the Germanic Frigg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigg
1856 news about Frigga’s Day is in the last Column https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/dlc_kuvasz_ver02/data/sn83045462/00280654073/1856062701/0459.pdf
The Roman Venus Verticordia
1933 news from column 3 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/data/batches/ncu_endive_ver02/data/sn86063811/00279559496/1933030401/0299.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus_Verticordia
Queen Esther
Is it possible that Queen Esther was elevated to star status after all she did for the ancient Israelites? Is it possible that Queen Esther is the German goddess Estre? Esther’s birth name was Hadassah meaning ‘Myrtle’ (Gen 2:7). Her name was changed to Esther upon becoming queen of Persia. Esther is a name of Persian origins and is equivalent to the Akkadian name Ishtar.
Esther’s name etymology: “from Ancient Greek Ἐσθήρ (Esthḗr). Has been connected to Old Persian (a-s-t-r /star-/, “star”) (whence Middle Persian (stl /star/, “star”), (stʾlk /stārag/, “star”), Persian ستاره (setâre, “star”), Northern Kurdish estêre, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr [star]; or else to Akkadian (/dištar/, “Ishtar”).” From: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Esther
The names Esther, Ishtar and Astártē all are derived from the from Proto-Semitic *ʕaṯtar- which was borrowed from the Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr which means ‘star’. (See Akkadian definition here.)
The Latin etymology of the name Esther shows: From Biblical Hebrew אֶסְתֵּר
(ʾestēr) (possibly via Ancient Greek
Ἐσθήρ (Esthḗr)), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫�� (a-s-t-r /star-/, “star”)
or from עִשְׁתָּר (ʿištār, “Ishtar”).
From https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Esther#Latin
Esther’s name in Latin is Hester; as
with so many other words the ‘H’ was dropped (see ‘H’ dropping).
So the Latin etymology of the name Esther and the Middle English etymology of the word Easter both show they originate from the word Ester.
Easter etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English ester, Ester, estern, Eestour (“Christian festival of Easter; Easter Sunday; Eastertide; Passover”) [and other forms], from Old English ēaster, ēastre (“Easter”) [and other forms], apparently from Ēastre, Ēostre (“Anglo-Saxon goddess (of the dawn?) whose festival was celebrated around the vernal equinox”), from Proto-Germanic *Austrǭ (“Anglo-Saxon goddess; Easter; springtime”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“dawn; east”) or *h₂wes- (“to dawn; to dwell, live, reside; to spend the night, stay”). The English word is cognate with German Low German Oostern (“Easter”), Old High German ōstarūn (modern German Ostern), and is a doublet of east. From https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Easter#Etymology
Here is the etymology of the German word Eastre below. Both the Latin and the German etymology allude to an event that happens in the east at dawn; such as the rising of the morning star Venus in the East.
Eastre & Ôstara Etymology: “The theonyms Ēostre or *Ēastre (Old English) and *Ôstara (Old High German) are cognates – linguistic siblings stemming from a common origin. They derive from the Proto-Germanic theonym *Austrō(n), itself a descendant of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) *h₂ews-reh₂- (cf. Baltic *auš(t)ra 'dawn, morning'), extended from the PIE root *h₂ews-, meaning 'to shine, glow (red)'. The modern English east also derives from this root, via the Proto-Germanic adverb *aust(e)raz ('east, eastwards'), from an earlier PIE *h₂ews-tero- ('east, towards the dawn').” From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92ostre#Etymology
Therefore it is very possible that the German goddess Ostara was Queen Esther who was elevated to star status. For more information about Queen Esther’s accomplishments see this page https://kingdomhereamerica.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-feast-of-purification.html
Picture Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92ostre#/media/File:Ostara_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg
Old News
Here are old newspaper articles I found regarding Venus the Queen of Heaven, Easter and the Goddess Eastre.
1887 Holy Week – Eastre, the Divinity of the Dawn
Part of article from column 4 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016412/1887-04-02/ed-1/seq-2.pdf
1891 Planets in September – Venus Queen of the Heavens
Venus is described as the Queen of Heaven.
1896 Cardinal Pole – Queen of Heaven Status
This article reflects that before Mary was the Queen of Heaven, Diana, Venus, Minerva and Juno had that status.
1907 The Goddess Eastre
Column 4 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045433/1907-03-24/ed-1/seq-27.pdf
1878 November Stars, Venus is the Queen of Heaven
Venus is called the ‘Queen of Heaven’.
1922 East Star - Easter
Easter is known also as East Star.
Column 5 https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn78001466/1922-04-15/ed-1/seq-4.pdf
Washington DC aligned to Venus
President Washington set the United States Capital building corner stone on the Feast of Trumpets, September 18, 1793 when the planet Venus was passing over.
From the book ‘Turning the Solomon Key’ by Robert Lomas, page 114 and 117.
Using Stellarium software I was able to confirm that Venus was the morning star when the US capital corner stone was placed on the Feast of Trumpets in 1793.
Picture source:
Masons and Lucifer (Venus) https://thepointofasharpinstrument.wordpress.com/tag/venus-in-the-western-sky/
Venus Symbols in Churches
Below are examples of churches and cathedrals that display symbols for Venus. There are many more churches that display these Venus symbols.
Picture sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_Santa_Maria_do_Olival
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sens_Cathedral
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:5-pointed_star_Stift_Ossiach_-_Rosettenfenster.JPG
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ossiach_Abbey
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eljar%C3%B6ds_kyrka
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kaarma_kirik_2005.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarma-Kirikuk%C3%BCla
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Dome_Orthodox_Cathedral_05_%D0%90.jpeg
The Newport Tower Rhode Island
The Newport Tower in Rhode Island maybe older than 1513 and it is said that it has alignments to Venus also. There is controversy as to who built it, some say it was built by the Templars and some say it was built by the Vikings.
The History Unearthed show featured a show about the Newport Towers and how they were built by the Nights Templars and were aligned to Venus.
More info and sources:
States might be older than 1513 http://www.strangehistory.org/cms/index.php/archive21/53-newport-tower-newport-rhode-island
Maya Calendar and Venus
The Mayans had three names for the planet Venus, just like the Ancient Greeks and Ancient Rome. It is interesting to note that Easter is associated with rabbits and the Mayans associated the planet Venus with rabbits and fertility.
The Mayan also had an ancient observatory with alignments to Venus and the Sun. They tracked the movements of Venus regularly like the Assyrians and Babylonians.
“The Caracol at Chichen Itza contains the remains of windows through which the extreme elongations of the planet can be seen. Four of the main orientations of the lower platform mark the points of the maximum horizontal displacement of the planet during the year. Two alignments of the surviving windows in the upper tower align with the extreme positions of the planet [Venus] at its greatest north and south declinations.
Building 22 at Copan is called the Venus temple because Venus symbols are inscribed on it. It has a narrow window that can be used to observe Venus on certain dates.
The Governors Palace at Uxmal differs 30° from the northeast alignment of the other buildings. The door faces southeast. About 4.5 km from the door is a pyramidal hill, from where Venus northerly extremes could be observed over the Governor's Palace. The cornices of the building have hundreds of masks of Chaac with Venus symbols under the eyelids.” From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_astronomy#Venus
The Mayan calendar reflected 91 days in each season just like the Dead Sea Scroll Calendar, Book of Jubilees and the Book of Enoch (see these pages for more info, here and here). All four sides of the El Castillo pyramid have 91 steps to reach the top level where the temple sits. Ninety-one steps times four seasons equals 364 days each year, which agrees with the Dead Sea Scrolls calendar, Jubilees and Enoch. Some people want to add the temple as a step so there will be 365 days, however that is not necessary. The Mayan Madrid Codex also shows 91 days per season per row.
Mayan Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xolotl
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin#The_twenty_day_names
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quetzalcoatl
Maya Observatory https://www.exploratorium.edu/ancientobs/chichen/HTML/caracol.html
https://www.exploratorium.edu/ancientobs/chichen/HTML/caracol3.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Castillo,_Chichen_Itza
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Castillo,_Chichen_Itza
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_astronomy
Conclusion
Venus represented purity; therefore the five pointed star became a symbol of purity and has been a part of our culture since ancient times. We continue to feature Venus as the 5 pointed star of purity today, however not all of our current day Hollywood stars represent purity. When our kinsman redeemer Jesus Christ returns he will reward the true stars, so follow his commandments and earn your star status.
I am not sure if Venus is part of future prophecy, however I do think that it might be.
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